Congenital nevus - 先天性痣
如果新生儿期不去除鼻子上的大痣，日后很难彻底去除。
由于形状不规则，需要进行活检。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesCongenital melanocytic nevus 是一种在出生时或婴儿期形成的胎记。Nevus sebaceous 是一种涉及毛囊缺陷的皮肤异常。在本研究中，我们采用针孔法激光技术和 Erbium:YAG 激光，对不同患者的痣状病变进行治疗。
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic nevus that is either present at birth or appears during the latter stages of infancy. Nevus sebaceous has been described as the hamartomatous locus of an embryologically defective pilosebaceous unit. Here, we describe how we used the pinhole technique with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (erbium : YAG) laser to treat nevi lesions in different patients.
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic nevus that is either present at birth or appears during the latter stages of infancy. Nevus sebaceous has been described as the hamartomatous locus of an embryologically defective pilosebaceous unit. Here, we describe how we used the pinhole technique with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (erbium : YAG) laser to treat nevi lesions in different patients.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus 是一种先天性皮肤黑色素痣，出生时即存在，随年龄增长其宽度可超过 20 厘米。该病极为罕见，发病率不足 1/20,000 新生儿。虽然罕见，但需高度重视，因为它可能导致皮肤癌等严重并发症，或伴随神经系统受累（神经皮肤黑变病）。终生罹患皮肤癌的风险约为 5%–10%。
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis). The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis). The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%.
与后天性黑素细胞痣相比，先天性黑素细胞痣的直径通常更大，且常伴有多余毛发。如果直径超过 40 厘米（约 16 英寸）且毛发丰富，有时称为巨毛痣。
随着儿童成长，黑素细胞痣一般会按身体比例增大，突出毛发常在青春期后出现。
手术切除是标准治疗。为改善外观，许多患者选择手术切除；为预防恶性转化，较大的痣也会被切除。巨型先天性痣恶变为黑色素瘤的风险较高，文献估计其转化率为 2%–42%。
病变较小时可进行手术切除，但随年龄增长，疤痕会变大，想要在不留下疤痕的情况下完全去除非常困难。
○ 治疗
#Staged excision (congenital nevus)