Congenital nevus - 先天性痣
鼻子上的大痣如果在新生儿期不去除，很难完全去除。
由于其形状不规则，因此需要进行活检。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesCongenital melanocytic nevus 是一种在出生时或婴儿期形成的胎记。Nevus sebaceous 是一种涉及毛囊缺陷的皮肤异常。在本研究中，我们采用称为针孔法的激光技术以及 Erbium:YAG 激光，对不同患者的痣病变进行治疗。
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic nevus that is either present at birth or appears during the latter stages of infancy. Nevus sebaceous has been described as the hamartomatous locus of an embryologically defective pilosebaceous unit. Here, we describe how we used the pinhole technique with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (erbium : YAG) laser to treat nevi lesions in different patients.
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic nevus that is either present at birth or appears during the latter stages of infancy. Nevus sebaceous has been described as the hamartomatous locus of an embryologically defective pilosebaceous unit. Here, we describe how we used the pinhole technique with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (erbium : YAG) laser to treat nevi lesions in different patients.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus 是一种先天性皮肤黑色素痣，出生时即存在，随年龄增长其直径可超过 20 厘米。该病极为罕见，发病率不足 1/20,000 新生儿。虽然罕见，但其临床意义重大，因为可能引发皮肤癌等严重并发症，或伴随大脑和神经受累（神经皮肤黑变病）。终生罹患皮肤癌的风险约为 5%–10%。
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis). The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis). The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%.
与后天黑素细胞痣相比，先天性黑素细胞痣的直径通常更大，且常伴有多余毛发。当直径超过 40 厘米（约 16 英寸）且伴有明显多毛时，常称为巨毛痣。
随着儿童成长，黑素细胞痣通常按体表比例增长，突出毛发常在青春期后出现。
手术切除是首选治疗。为改善外观，许多患者选择手术切除；为降低癌变风险，较大的病变通常会被切除。巨大的先天性痣恶变为黑色素瘤的风险更高，文献估计其转化率为 2%–42%。
病变较小时可行手术切除，但随年龄增长，疤痕面积会增大，想要完全去除且不留下疤痕的难度显著提升。
○ 治疗
#Staged excision (congenital nevus)